How to choose and configure fire extinguishers in factories?

How to choose and configure fire extinguishers in factories?

One. First of all, let’s be clear. Once the goods on fire, belong to what type of fire, which relates to the use of what fire extinguisher to put out the problem.

Class A fire: refers to solid carbon combustible materials, such as wood, cotton, wool, linen, paper and other burning fires;

Class B fires: nails, B, C liquids, such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel, methanol, ether, acetone and other combustion fires;

Class C fires: refers to combustible gases, such as gas, natural gas, methane, propane, acetylene, hydrogen and other combustion fires;

D fire: refers to combustible metals, such as potassium, sodium, magnesium, titanium, aluminum and magnesium alloys and other combustion fires;

Electrically charged fires: refers to the burning fires of electrically charged bodies.

In order to effectively fight all types of fires, workshops and warehouses should be placed in accordance with the above classification, so that equipped with the appropriate fire extinguishers. Various types of fire extinguishers are marked as suitable for extinguishing which type of fire. For example, carbon dioxide fire extinguishers are suitable for extinguishing A, B, C and electrically charged fires; while dry powder fire extinguishers are suitable for extinguishing B, C and electrically charged fires, but not strong for extinguishing A fires.

Second. Configured fire extinguishers, the number of danger level.

The type of fire according to the nature of burning items, and in a fire type of premises, the number of combustible items caused by the number of fire hazards, there are different levels, the danger level of various types of premises in the factory is based on its production, use, storage of goods fire hazards, the number, the speed of flame spread and the ease of extinguishing and other factors are divided into the following three levels.

Severe danger level: the fire danger is large, combustible materials, the fire spreads rapidly or is likely to cause significant fire damage;

Medium-risk level: the fire risk is greater, more combustible materials, more rapid spread of fire places;

Light danger level: fire danger is less, less combustible, the fire spreads more slowly after the place.

Therefore, we configure fire extinguishers, the first step is to figure out the configuration of the site’s danger level and the type of potential fire.

Three. The type and characteristics of fire extinguishers.

Fire extinguishers actually rely on the extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire, so we need to understand the performance of the extinguishing agent.

Water-based extinguishing agents. The most commonly used extinguishing agent, abundant sources, easy to access, can be used to fight any building fires and general material fires, pressurized dense water stream, can be sprayed to a farther distance to extinguish the fire.

Foam extinguishing agent: foam is very strong, less extinguishing agent can produce a large amount of very light foam, covering the surface of the burning solid or liquid,

A large amount of heat absorption and prevent the fire from contact with the air, to end the purpose of combustion.

Carbon dioxide extinguishing agent: shot from the fire extinguisher bottle in the form of a solid snowflake, can quickly cool the burning material, dilute the oxygen content of the burning area, so that

combustion stop. The extinguishing agent does not conduct electricity, does not contain water, does not damage the ring instrument.

Dry powder extinguishing agent: dry powder is easy to flow micro-fine solid powder, high efficiency, non-conductive, non-corrosive, low toxicity, especially suitable for fighting

Extinguish flammable liquids, combustible gases and electrical fires.

Halothane extinguishing agent: is an organic extinguishing agent, high fire extinguishing efficiency, good insulation performance, low corrosiveness, does not leave traces after extinguishing, suitable for fighting

It is suitable for fighting electrical appliances, precision instruments and flammable gas and flammable liquid fires.

1. What kind of fire extinguisher to choose

To extinguish Class A fires, water, foam, halogenated, carbon dioxide fire extinguishers should be used;

Fight B type fire, should be used dry hope, foam, halogen, carbon dioxide type fire extinguishers;

Fight C fires, should be used dry hope, halogenated, carbon dioxide fire extinguishers;

Fighting fires with electricity, should be used dry powder, halogenated, carbon dioxide fire extinguishers;

Fire extinguishing equipment to fight Class D fires should be the design department and the local public security fire supervision department to negotiate.

Note that the chemical foam fire extinguishers should not be used to fight polar solvent B fires.

1. How to configure the fire extinguisher

First of all, we pay attention to the level of fire extinguishers, in the shell of each fire extinguisher are marked. For example, the fire extinguishing level of 5A, that the fire extinguisher fire extinguishing level of 5, suitable for fighting fires in class A places.

In each place, the fire extinguisher has a configuration benchmark.

According to the above data, in a serious risk of a Class B fire in the place, every 5 square meters should be configured with at least one fire extinguisher level 8B; if the total area of 30 square meters, it should be equipped with more than 6, fire extinguishing level greater than 8B fire extinguishers.

Another example, in a light risk level of a possible A-class fire places, every 20 square meters should be configured with at least one fire extinguisher level 3A; if the total area of 100 square meters, it should be equipped with more than 5, fire extinguishing level greater than 3A fire extinguishers.

Therefore, we need to protect the total area, it is easy to calculate how many fire extinguishers are needed.

Factory with fire hydrant places, the number of fire extinguishers can be reduced by 30%; with automatic fire extinguishing system, can be reduced by 50%; both have, can be reduced by 70%.

Six fire extinguishers how to place

In order to facilitate access, the distribution of fire extinguishers need not be placed evenly according to the protection area, we can put several fire extinguishers in the same location into a row, but each point should not be more than 5 sets, and the distance from the fire extinguisher to the protection of goods can not be too far.

Note: The fire extinguishers in each configuration should not be less than 2 sets, fire extinguishers should be placed in an obvious and convenient location, portable fire extinguishers should be placed in hooks

Bracket or fire extinguisher box, its top height from the ground should be less than l.5m, the bottom height from the ground should not be less than 0.l5m, should not be placed in wet or highly corrosive locations.